02 Jul 2025
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Marina Luccioni | Researcher
Marina Luccioni
luccioni.marina@gmail.com
Scientific Publication Accepted by PLOS One.
Abstract: The Sonoran Desert Toad (Incilius alvarius) is the only animal known to secrete the psychedelic compound 5-MeO-DMT as a chemical defense, but the source of 5-MeO-DMT in I. alvarius remains unknown. Some amphibians endogenously produce chemical defenses while others acquire them from specialized diets. In this study we analyzed toxin gland secretions and diet profiles from wild I. alvarius and sympatric anurans from native and urban habitats around Tucson, Arizona to explore possible links between diet and 5-MeO-DMT production. All I. alvarius secreted high concentrations of 5-MeO-DMT, whereas other sympatric toads did not. The diet of I. alvarius was similar to that of sympatric anurans, indicating that I. alvarius does not exhibit relative dietary specialization. Slight dietary differences between I. alvarius in native and urbanized habitats were observed. Taken together, these lines of evidence suggest that diet is not directly linked to 5-MeO-DMT production, and support the alternative hypotheses that Sonoran Desert toads synthesize 5-MeO-DMT endogenously or via a microbial symbiont.
Local Contexts Project ID
4ca9b476-497a-40fd-8d45-ea9e4ec94cbb
Project URL
https://localcontextshub.org/projects/4ca9b476-497a-40fd-8d45-ea9e4ec94cbb
Project boundary derived from a hand-drawn outline
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